Annual classroom license
New RST purchases cover one educator and their own students for 12 months and require annual renewal. School licensing for one RST title is $100 per year. District discounts apply. Read the annual terms and request a school or district quote. Previously accepted purchase terms remain applicable.
Room for complete responses
RST packages include labeled response pages for daily work and short answers. Each digital written-response field allows 1,000 characters. Each final RACE task has two dedicated writing pages with 48 ruled lines in print and digital continuation fields. Use the original questions and the matching page labels.
Grades 6–12 pathways
Purple Ma’at headers appear throughout the PDFs. Included grade band pathways connect evidence analysis and argument to NJSLS and Common Core for Grades 6–8, 9–10, and 11–12. Original readings and advanced content are retained, with scaffolding or extension by grade band.
Tamanend, Oratam, and the Evidence of Colonial Erasure
Maps included Geographic activities include reference maps with a compass rose, scale, and legend. Modern reference maps are distinguished from historical maps. Updated October 15, 2026.
A five day source inquiry into Lenape leadership, colonial violence and land loss, historical description, and the evidence used to identify a Manhattan burial ground.
Daily teacher notes and an answer key are included with this RST in PDF at no additional charge.
Five day lesson sequence
- Day 1 · Lenape homelands and Oratam. Students locate Lenape and Hackensack country, examine the Dutch attacks of 1643, and consider Oratam’s peace negotiations under colonial pressure. They distinguish a colonial deed from a full account of Indigenous consent.
- Day 2 · Oratam in the Dutch council record. A translated 1660 minute records his report of a desire for peace, the consultation of women and young men, his challenge to a Dutch military action, and his request for an armistice. Students evaluate what a colonial record preserves and what it cannot tell us.
- Day 3 · Tamanend and Penn. Students compare a documented 1683 deed, the later Shackamaxon tradition, Penn’s general description of dark or “swarthy” complexions, and the later Walking Purchase. They identify what the description says without attributing it directly to either sachem.
- Day 4 · The Manhattan burial ground. Students distinguish 419 excavated people from an estimate of about 15,000 across the larger cemetery. They examine the belief that the remains are Lenape alongside the National Park Service’s documentary and archaeological evidence identifying the site with Africans and people of African descent.
- Day 5 · Independent assessment. Students complete 15 source based questions and a RACE response citing at least three sources. The teacher guide supplies the answer key and 19 point rubric; separate daily notes include Do Now, I Do, We Do, They Do, and exit tickets.
On Days 1 through 4, students write a Do Now, analyze the day’s source, complete a source based Quick Write, and finish with a written Exit Ticket. The full RACE response is reserved for the Day 5 assessment.
Sources and teaching approach
Students read adapted historical accounts and short primary source excerpts, then record the author, date, claim, evidence, and limits of each source. The sequence supports New Jersey Social Studies and Grades 6–12 ELA historical inquiry, evidence-based writing, and Amistad instruction.
- Delaware Nation: History
- Nationaal Archief: 1643 attacks
- New Netherland council minutes, 1638 to 1649
- American Museum of Natural History: 1660 Oratam record
- National Park Service: African Burial Ground history
- National Park Service: Archaeology
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